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	<title>FuelCellsWorks</title>
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	<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news</link>
	<description>Industry News &#38; Information Leader</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Thu, 17 May 2012 13:21:29 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Van Hool buses, powered by Ballard’s FCvelocity-HD6 Arrive in Oslo</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/17/van-hool-buses-powered-by-ballard%e2%80%99s-fcvelocity-hd6tm-arrive-in-oslo/</link>
		<comments>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/17/van-hool-buses-powered-by-ballard%e2%80%99s-fcvelocity-hd6tm-arrive-in-oslo/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 May 2012 11:16:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11398</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
Van Hool buses, powered by Ballard’s FCvelocity-HD6TM, arrived in Olso and the bus is expected to be in operation sometime at the end of May.
From May 2012 Ruter (Oslo Public Transport Executive) will operate 5  fuel cell buses, with hydrogen as fuel in the realm of the CHIC project.  The supplier is the Belgian bus manufacturer [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11399" title="Van Hool Bus Oslo" src="http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Van-Hool-Bus-Oslo.jpg" alt="Van Hool Bus Oslo" width="437" height="287" /></p>
<p>Van Hool buses, powered by Ballard’s FCvelocity-HD6<sup><span style="font-size: xx-small;">TM</span></sup>, arrived in Olso and the bus is expected to be in operation sometime at the end of May.</p>
<p>From May 2012 Ruter (Oslo Public Transport Executive) will operate 5  fuel cell buses, with hydrogen as fuel in the realm of the CHIC project.  The supplier is the Belgian bus manufacturer Van Hool.</p>
<p>The operation will be based at Rosenholm bus garage, where the  hydrogen station also will be established. Ruter is responsible for the  operation, but the actual driving of the buses will be done by Unibuss  As.  Unibuss As is owned by Oslo City Council and is the largest bus  operator in The Oslo City.</p>
<p>The fuel cell bus will be 13 meter, have a low éntry and 3-axels. The  bus will have 37 seats an be used for commuter transport for Oppegård  municipality and south parts of Oslo into the Oslo city centre. The  route will pass the Norwegian parliamanet and end closly to Oslo Town  Hall, The Nobel Peace Prize centre and the Royal Palace.</p>
<p><strong>Capacity<br />
</strong> Seats:             37 + driver<br />
2 KIEL “Multi” flip-up seats on the sidewall of the wheelchair platform.<br />
1 wheelchair tie down position.<br />
Standees:      37 at 4 pers/m2.<br />
Total:              74 + 2 flip-ups + driver</p>
<p><strong>Dimensions<br />
</strong>Total length                                                              : 13.155 mm<br />
Front overhang                                                      : 2.715 mm<br />
Rear overhang                                                        : 3.640 mm<br />
Wheelbase                                                                : 5.110 mm + 1.690 mm<br />
Total width                                                               : 2.550 mm<br />
Normal height                                                         : 3.420 mm<br />
Approach angle                                                      : 7°7’<br />
Departure angle                                                      : 7°7’<br />
Boarding height                                                      : 340 mm<br />
Boarding height (kneeled)                                  : 270 mm<br />
Turning radius (outside)                                     : 12.000 mm<br />
Vehicle weight (empty)                                       : ca 16.900 kg with double glazing<br />
Maximum allowed vehicle weight                  : 25.750 kg</p>
<p><strong>Power Plant<br />
</strong>Ballard FCVelocity-HD6 150 kW Fuel Cell module.</p>
<p><strong>Electric Propulsion<br />
</strong>Siemens drive motors 2 x 1PV5138 + Flender gear box</p>
<ul>
<li>
<ul>
<li>Motor output: 2 x 85 kW (nominal), 2 x 150 kW (maximal)</li>
<li>Max. motor output torque at the driving wheels: 22.000 Nm</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Siemens MONO inverters</li>
<li>Siemens MONO inductors</li>
<li>Power System Management: Siemens DICO</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Fuel Storage</strong><strong><br />
</strong>Gaseous Hydrogen, stored @ 5,000 PSI/350 bar, in 7 Dynetek carbonfiber reinforced aluminium tanks, approx. 35 kg total storage.</p>
<p><strong>Hybrid drive energy storage batteries<br />
</strong>Enerdel, lithium ion with active cooling system.</p>
<ul>
<li>Energy storage capacity         : 17,4 kWh.</li>
<li>Maximum power output         : 100 kW.</li>
</ul>
<p>Energy recuperation into the batteries. Installation of 2 Seico brake resistors (approximately 60kW each).</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<title>In March SFC Energy received another serial order for JENNY fuel cells from German Bundeswehr</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/17/in-march-sfc-energy-received-another-serial-order-for-jenny-fuel-cells-from-german-bundeswehr/</link>
		<comments>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/17/in-march-sfc-energy-received-another-serial-order-for-jenny-fuel-cells-from-german-bundeswehr/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 May 2012 11:02:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11394</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Additional soldiers in the field to be equipped with SFC’s power supply energy network

Brunnthal/Munich, Germany&#8211;SFC Energy AG, technology and  market leader for portable, mobile, and off-grid power generation and  distribution, has received a further order from the German Bundeswehr.  After introduction of the system in 2010, in March 2012 the German  [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>Additional soldiers in the field to be equipped with SFC’s power supply energy network</h3>
<p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11395" title="jenny" src="http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/jenny.png" alt="jenny" width="175" height="175" /></p>
<p><strong>Brunnthal/Munich, Germany</strong>&#8211;SFC Energy AG, technology and  market leader for portable, mobile, and off-grid power generation and  distribution, has received a further order from the German Bundeswehr.  After introduction of the system in 2010, in March 2012 the German  Bundeswehr ordered the equipment for additional soldiers with the  portable JENNY fuel cell by SFC Energy in a new energy network. The  system solution consists of the JENNY fuel cell, the SFC Power Manager, a  hybrid battery specially tailored to the system, and a solar panel as  alternative power source, plus extensive accessories. As a powerful and  flexible power supply, the energy network allows operation of widely  different power consumers – e.g. radios, navigational equipment,  night-vision equipment, laser range-finders, portable computers, and  PDAs &#8211; which can be used when stationary and on the march. The net order  size is around 5 million Euros. The order was received in the first  quarter of 2012, and the systems are expected to be delivered before the  end of 2012.</p>
<p>With this power supply and management system, SFC Energy again proves  the Company’s long standing, internationally acknowledged expertise in  the field of portable energy. The hybrid solution links fuel cells,  solar cells, batteries, and intelligent power management in an  integrated energy network. It reduces the load of a soldier by up to 80  percent compared to conventional solutions. Through the SFC Power  Manager, an intelligent voltage converter, almost any device can be  supplied with electricity using available sources, such as fuel cells,  solar panels, or batteries. The network also allows different battery  types to be charged on the move during operations. Power supply and  energy management are fully automatic, practically soundless,  emission-free, and almost undetectable.</p>
<p>„With this third serial order from the German Bundeswehr SFC Energy  further expands its position as leading supplier of autonomous power  solutions for defense applications“, says Dr. Peter Podesser, CEO of SFC  Energy AG. “This is a major milestone; we have moved from being a  development partner to a product/system supplier. SFC Energy’s  outstanding technology enables a reliable off-grid power supply,  significant weight reductions, and increased flexibility in field  operations. It thus contributes to an extended range of operations by  military forces, as well as taking into account the new requirements on  an international level, and increases the safety of soldiers in  operation.”</p>
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		<title>Achieving the world&#8217;s highest efficiency in hydrogen production by water electrolysis using an oxide photoelectrode</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/17/achieving-the-worlds-highest-efficiency-in-hydrogen-production-by-water-electrolysis-using-an-oxide-photoelectrode/</link>
		<comments>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/17/achieving-the-worlds-highest-efficiency-in-hydrogen-production-by-water-electrolysis-using-an-oxide-photoelectrode/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 May 2012 09:44:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11385</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[

The highest solar energy conversion efficiency (1.35%) among oxide photoelectrodes for water electrolysis has been achieved.
The performance of the photoelectrode has been substantially  improved by the use of a carbonate electrolyte and multilayered oxide  films.
The voltage for water electrolysis can be reduced by more  than 40%, making it possible to reduce the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<dd>
<ul>
<li>The highest solar energy conversion efficiency (1.35%) among oxide photoelectrodes for water electrolysis has been achieved.</li>
<li>The performance of the photoelectrode has been substantially  improved by the use of a carbonate electrolyte and multilayered oxide  films.</li>
<li>The voltage for water electrolysis can be reduced by more  than 40%, making it possible to reduce the cost of hydrogen production  by water electrolysis.</li>
</ul>
<dt>Summary</dt>
<dd>Kazuhiro Sayama (Leader) and Rie Saitou (AIST Postdoctoral  Researcher), Solar Light Energy Conversion Group, the Energy Technology  Research Institute (Director: Yasuo Hasegawa) of the National Institute  of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST; President: Tamotsu  Nomakuchi), have developed a very high-performance multilayered  photoelectrode for hydrogen production by water electrolysis using an  oxide semiconductor photoelectrode. In the reaction to convert solar  energy into hydrogen energy, a solar energy conversion efficiency of  1.35 % has been achieved in a carbonate electrolyte by stacking two  photoelectrodes. This value is about twice the reported conversion  efficiency of oxide photoelectrodes. Using solar energy, the developed  technology can substantially reduce the electrolysis voltage required  for hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The technology is  expected to realize low-cost hydrogen production.</p>
<p>Details of this technology will be presented at the 7th New  Energy Symposium to be held from March 13 to 15, 2012, at the University  of Tsukuba (Tsukuba, Ibaraki).</p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="3" align="center">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img src="http://www.aist.go.jp/aist_e/latest_research/2012/20120511/fig.jpg" alt="Figure" width="500" height="299" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">(Figure) : Developed high-performance photoelectrode in a carbonate electrolyte (right)<br />
and hydrogen bubbles formed on the counter electrode surface (left)<br />
Photoelectrode system for the conversion of solar energy into hydrogen energy</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</dd>
<dt>Social Background of Research</dt>
<dd>Effective use of renewable energy is essential for reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and developing a sustainable society that does not rely on  fossil resources. The use of solar energy – the most abundant renewable  energy – is very important, but limited solar energy utilization  technologies are available (Fig. 1). Artificial photosynthesis is the  fourth solar energy utilization technology to be developed, after solar  power, solar heat, and biomass technologies. Among artificial  photosynthesis technologies, the solar hydrogen production technology  that produces hydrogen and oxygen by directly decomposing water with a  photocatalyst or a photoelectrode using an easily fabricated oxide  semiconductor is a low-cost technology and has been studied extensively  as a fundamental technology for the development of a future hydrogen  society. The development of a solar hydrogen production system that is  as highly efficient as solar cells and as simple and inexpensive as  plant cultivation would contribute to the solution to the energy  problems. However, reported efficiencies in converting solar energy into  hydrogen energy using oxide semiconductor photoelectrodes are low (0.69  % when only an oxide is used and 1.1 % when an oxide is used in  combination with expensive platinum). A high-performance system  therefore needs to be developed.</p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="3" align="center">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img src="http://www.aist.go.jp/aist_e/latest_research/2012/20120511/fig1.png" alt="Figure 1" width="550" height="364" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">Figure 1 : Comparison of various solar energy conversion technologies<br />
For details of the photocatalyst–electrolysis hybrid process, see <a href="http://www.aist.go.jp/aist_e/latest_research/2010/20100517/20100517.html">AIST press release on March 11, 2010</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</dd>
<dt>History of Research</dt>
<dd>AIST has been conducting research and development of hydrogen  production by water electrolysis using porous photoelectrodes of various  oxide semiconductors. Hydrogen production by water electrolysis using  an oxide semiconductor photoelectrode is a solar energy conversion  technology originated in Japan. Usually, electrolysis of water requires a  voltage of more than 1.23 V theoretically but more than 1.6 V  practically, owing to the effect of overvoltage. Use of a photoelectrode  allows hydrogen to be produced by water electrolysis using a  low-voltage auxiliary power supply (a voltage of about 0.7 V was applied  to the photoelectrode in this study, but the voltage can be reduced to  almost zero), thus enabling low-cost hydrogen production. In the early  stages of research and development, single crystals and high-temperature  sinters (pellets) of titanium oxide were used, but these materials have  a drawback in that only ultraviolet light can be used. Subsequently,  mostly in Europe, there has been extensive research into porous  thin-film electrodes of oxide semiconductors that can use visible light  (e.g. tungsten oxide (WO<sub>3</sub>) and iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)).  The electrodes were formed on a conductive substrate by a wet process.  Oxide semiconductors are mostly of the n-type and are suitable for an  oxygen generating electrode. Because an oxide semiconductor film can be  formed by applying the oxide semiconductor material to a substrate and  sintering the material in the air, it is easy to form a large-area film.  However, the efficiency of the electrode in converting solar energy  into hydrogen is low and needs to be improved for practical use.</p>
<p>In this study, substantial improvement in the conversion  efficiency by stacking three different oxide semiconductor layers to  suppress charge recombination and increase light absorption.</p>
<p>This study was carried out in a project, “Research on Innovative  Technology for Solar Energy Conversion to Chemical Energy” (FY2010 –  present), of Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading  Researchers by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Details of Research</dt>
<dd>Figure 2 shows the principle of hydrogen production by water  electrolysis using an n-type semiconductor, such as titanium oxide, as a  photoelectrode. The photoelectrode is connected to the counter  electrode and usually an auxiliary power supply, such as a solar cell,  is placed between them. When light is absorbed by the semiconductor  photoelectrode, the electrons in the valence band jump into the  conduction band, i.e. optical excitation. The electrons in the  conduction band are transferred to the counter electrode by the  auxiliary power, water is reduced on the counter electrode, and hydrogen  is produced. The high energy of the electrons in the conduction band  allows them to be transferred to the counter electrode by the auxiliary  power supply even though its voltage is lower than the normal  electrolysis voltage of water. Excitation of the electrons from the  valence band leaves behind positively charged “holes.” The holes can  easily remove electrons from other substances (i.e. easily oxidize other  substances); oxygen is therefore produced by the oxidation of water on  the photoelectrode. Thus, water can be electrolyzed at a low voltage,  making it possible to build a system with reduced production cost by  improving the performance of the photoelectrode, instead of producing  hydrogen by electrolyzing water with only the electricity generated by  solar cells (Fig. 3). If all of the light with a wavelength of up to 500  or 600 nm can be used for this reaction and the voltage of the  auxiliary power supply can be reduced to almost zero, then the  theoretical limit of solar energy conversion efficiency will be 8 % or  15 %, respectively. A conversion efficiency comparable to that of a  system simply combining solar cells and water electrolysis would be  achieved with a simple photoelectrode and fewer solar cells.</p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="3" align="center">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img src="http://www.aist.go.jp/aist_e/latest_research/2012/20120511/fig2.png" alt="Figure 2" width="598" height="298" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">Figure 2 : Principle of hydrogen production by water electrolysis using a semiconductor photoelectrode</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="3" align="center">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img src="http://www.aist.go.jp/aist_e/latest_research/2012/20120511/fig3.png" alt="Figure 3" width="550" height="434" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">Figure 3 : Advantages of hydrogen production by water electrolysis using a semiconductor photoelectrode</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>An oxide photoelectrode consisting of three different  semiconductor layers was fabricated and hydrogen was produced by water  electrolysis using a high-concentration carbonate electrolyte. Figure 4  shows a photo and electron microscope images of the multilayered  photoelectrode. The photoelectrode consists of three layers of  semiconductors stacked on a conductive glass substrate: tungsten oxide  (WO<sub>3</sub>) as the first layer, tin oxide (SnO<sub>2</sub>) as the second layer, and bismuth vanadate (BiVO<sub>4</sub>)  as the third layer. A solution containing metal ions corresponding to  each layer is applied to the substrate by the spin-coating process and a  thin film was formed by sintering. Porous thin-films can be formed by  this method. When light is incident from the BiVO<sub>4</sub> side, the BiVO<sub>4</sub> layer mainly absorbs visible light with a wavelength of up to 520 nm, the WO<sub>3</sub> layer transfers electrons efficiently, and the SnO<sub>2</sub> layer reduces the charge recombination loss at the interface.</p>
<p>Figure 5 shows the current–voltage characteristics of the  developed oxide photoelectrode. When water was decomposed in a  high-concentration carbonate electrolyte by using the three-layered  photoelectrode, the solar energy conversion efficiency was 0.85%.  Stacking of two of the photoelectrodes to confine light increased the  solar conversion efficiency to 1.35 % in the high-concentration  carbonate electrolyte. This efficiency is the world’s highest among  those of oxide photoelectrodes without noble metal and is about twice  the reported highest value. When the water decomposes, hydrogen bubbles  form on the counter electrode surface and oxygen bubbles on the  photoelectrode surface. Use of the developed electrode can reduce the  voltage for water electrolysis by more than 40 % and would lead to  low-cost hydrogen production by water electrolysis.</p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="3" align="center">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img src="http://www.aist.go.jp/aist_e/latest_research/2012/20120511/fig4.png" alt="Figure 4" width="500" height="282" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">Figure 4 : Photo (left) and electron microscope images (left) of the multilayered photoelectrode</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="3" align="center">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img src="http://www.aist.go.jp/aist_e/latest_research/2012/20120511/fig5.png" alt="Figure 5" width="560" height="285" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">Figure 5 Current–voltage characteristics of the photoelectrode<br />
Water can be decomposed at a low electrolysis voltage using solar energy.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</dd>
<dt>Future Plans</dt>
<dd>To improve the solar energy conversion efficiency of the  photoelectrode, it will be necessary to further reduce the voltage of  the auxiliary power supply while increasing the photocurrent. It is  important to develop a semiconductor that has three features: the  ability to fully use visible light with longer wavelengths; a negatively  high conduction band level; and a high charge-separation efficiency. To  achieve this goal, the researchers have developed a robotic system that  can automatically search for promising semiconductors and suitable  multilayered film structures from among numerous composite materials and  their combinations in a short time. They have been using the system for  high-speed screening. They will search for materials and improve the  photoelectrode preparation method to increase the solar energy  conversion efficiency. In the high-concentration carbonate electrolyte,  carbonate ions are thought to promote the water electrolysis reaction  just as a catalyst does by repeating oxidation–reduction cycles. They  aim at the elucidation of this mechanism in detail in order to increase  the efficiency of the water electrolysis system.</p>
</dd>
</dd>
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		<item>
		<title>Request for Information (RFI) on Fuel Cells for Material Handling and Backup Power Applications</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/17/request-for-information-rfi-on-fuel-cells-for-material-handling-and-backup-power-applications/</link>
		<comments>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/17/request-for-information-rfi-on-fuel-cells-for-material-handling-and-backup-power-applications/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 May 2012 08:53:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11391</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Fuel Cell Technologies Program  has issued an RFI seeking feedback from stakeholders regarding the  proposed performance, durability, and cost targets for fuel cells  designed for backup power and material handling applications. DOE is  asking for industry information from developers, manufacturers, end  users, and other [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Fuel Cell Technologies Program  has issued an RFI seeking feedback from stakeholders regarding the  proposed performance, durability, and cost targets for fuel cells  designed for backup power and material handling applications. DOE is  asking for industry information from developers, manufacturers, end  users, and other stakeholders about the target values, as well as the  current status of fuel cells for these early market applications.</p>
<p>Material handling equipment, including lift trucks and other  industrial trucks, represents a major early market opportunity for fuel  cells. Fuel cell lift trucks offer increased performance, streamlined  operation, low infrastructure requirements, high productivity, and low  lifecycle cost. Driven by these advantages, significant progress in fuel  cell lift truck commercialization has already been achieved, especially  in the most demanding applications with the highest productivity  requirements. More than 690 fuel cell lift trucks have been deployed  through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and Market  Transformation activities, which has led to substantial private  investment in the technology, with more than 3,500 lift trucks now  deployed or ordered with no DOE funding.</p>
<p>Backup power also represents an opportunity for near-term fuel cell  commercialization. Fuel cells have attracted significant interest as  generators in critical backup power applications, including data centers  and remote telecommunication sites. Several attributes make fuel cells  attractive in these applications, including their high reliability, high  efficiency, low or zero emissions, small footprint, low noise, and low  lifecycle cost. Significant deployment of fuel cell backup power is  already underway, with more than 1,300 units now deployed or ordered  with no DOE funding.</p>
<p>For details see the <a href="https://eere-exchange.energy.gov/Default.aspx#d343124e-7faa-4efa-9069-1fd176e9b623">RFI announcement for DE-FOA-0000738</a>. All responses must be provided no later than 11:59 p.m. EDT on June 30, 2012.</p>
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		<title>Environmental Enthusiasts Excel With Mercedes-Benz F-CELL</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/environmental-enthusiasts-excel-with-mercedes-benz-f-cell/</link>
		<comments>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/environmental-enthusiasts-excel-with-mercedes-benz-f-cell/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 16:04:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11381</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Eco-conscious consumers hit the road with hydrogen-powered vehicles
LOS ANGELES &#8211; Actress Diane Kruger is one of more than 35 environmental enthusiasts and early adopters in California enjoying the benefits of the Mercedes-Benz hydrogen electric fuel cell vehicle, the B-Class F-CELL — the first zero-emissions vehicle available from Mercedes-Benz in the US. Kruger, who stars in &#8220;Farewell, My Queen,&#8221; drives [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>Eco-conscious consumers hit the road with hydrogen-powered vehicles</h3>
<div id="attachment_11382" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 510px"><img class="size-full wp-image-11382" title="MERCEDES-BENZ USA DIANE KRUGER" src="http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/MERCEDES-BENZ-DIANE-KRUGER-1.jpg" alt="Diane Kruger with 2012 Mercedes-Benz F-CELL. (PRNewsFoto/Mercedes-Benz USA) " width="500" height="333" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Diane Kruger with 2012 Mercedes-Benz F-CELL. (PRNewsFoto/Mercedes-Benz USA)</p></div>
<p><strong>LOS ANGELES </strong>&#8211; Actress <span id="lw_1337183777_0">Diane Kruger</span> is one of more than 35 environmental enthusiasts and early adopters in <span id="lw_1337183777_7">California</span> enjoying the benefits of the <span id="lw_1337183777_1">Mercedes-Benz</span> hydrogen electric fuel cell vehicle, the B-Class F-CELL — the first zero-emissions vehicle available from <span id="lw_1337183777_2">Mercedes-Benz</span> in the US. Kruger, who stars in &#8220;Farewell, My Queen,&#8221; drives the  B-Class F-CELL, which converts compressed hydrogen into electricity to  deliver a range of up to 240 miles, and an average of 55 mpg equivalent  while emitting only water vapor.</p>
<p>&#8220;I&#8217;m excited to be driving the F-CELL. It&#8217;s environmentally  conscious, fun to drive and gets lots of attention on the streets,&#8221; said  Diane Kruger.  &#8220;I can travel more than 200 miles on a full tank and  it&#8217;s easy to refuel.&#8221;</p>
<p>More than three dozen of the electric vehicles, powered by hydrogen  fuel cells, are now available in Southern California and will be  available in Northern <span id="lw_1337183777_8">California</span> in June. Several fueling stations are now open in Los Angeles and  surrounding areas, including Newport Beach, which opened this past  March. Those interested in leasing an F-CELL can get additional  information and apply online at <a href="http://www.mbusadigitalmedia.com/fcellsurvey/index.aspx" target="_blank">http://www.mbusadigitalmedia.com/fcellsurvey/index.aspx</a>.</p>
<p>In addition to the F-CELL, <span id="lw_1337183777_3">Mercedes-Benz</span> offers eight alternative powertrain vehicles in the U.S. from the  all-new 2012 M-Class BlueTEC SUV to the popular S400 HYBRID, which is a  top choice for Hollywood actors and those in the entertainment business  that deal with daily city traffic. The S400 HYBRID includes a convenient  ECO start-stop function that turns off the gasoline engine below nine  mph when braking to a stop. When the S400 HYBRID is at a traffic light,  for example, the gasoline engine is off, but the AC compressor and  steering pump are operated electrically, so air conditioning and power  steering are fully operational. When the brakes are released, the  gasoline engine is started automatically, and works with the electric  motor providing seamless performance.</p>
<p>Hollywood&#8217;s most notable talent who choose <span id="lw_1337183777_4">Mercedes-Benz</span> for their green transportation include Golden Globe Best Actress Winner  Michelle Williams, Sofia Vergara, Bryan Cranston, 2011 Academy Award  Best Actress Winner Natalie Portman, Courteney Cox, Renee Zellweger,  Katharine McPhee, Serena Williams and Nick Swisher.</p>
<p><strong>About Mercedes-Benz USA<br />
</strong>Mercedes-Benz USA (<span id="lw_1337183777_9">MBUSA</span>), headquartered in Montvale, New Jersey, is responsible for the distribution, marketing and customer service for all <span id="lw_1337183777_5">Mercedes-Benz</span> and Maybach products in the United States. <span id="lw_1337183777_10">MBUSA</span> offers drivers the most diverse line-up in the luxury segment with 14  model lines ranging from the sporty C-Class to the flagship S-Class  sedans and the SLS AMG supercar.</p>
<p>MBUSA is also responsible for the distribution, marketing and customer service of <span id="lw_1337183777_6">Mercedes-Benz</span> Sprinter Vans and smart in the US.  More information on MBUSA and its products can be found at <a href="http://www.mbusa.com/" target="_blank">www.mbusa.com</a>, <a href="http://www.mbsprinterusa.com/" target="_blank">www.mbsprinterusa.com</a> and <a href="http://www.smartusa.com/" target="_blank">www.smartusa.com</a>.</p>
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		<title>NIST Hydrogen Fuel Materials Test Facility Starts Delivering Data</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/nist-hydrogen-fuel-materials-test-facility-starts-delivering-data/</link>
		<comments>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/nist-hydrogen-fuel-materials-test-facility-starts-delivering-data/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 15:33:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11376</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Researchers at the National  Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have published their first  archival paper based on data from the institute’s new hydrogen test  facility.* The paper examines the embrittling effect of pressurized  hydrogen gas on three different types of pipeline steel, an important  factor for the design of [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Researchers at the National  Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have published their first  archival paper based on data from the institute’s new hydrogen test  facility.* The paper examines the embrittling effect of pressurized  hydrogen gas on three different types of pipeline steel, an important  factor for the design of future hydrogen transportation and delivery  systems.</p>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><img id="||CPIMAGE:2799877|" title="cleavage failure" src="http://www.nist.gov/mml/images/12MML016_cleavagefailure_LR.jpg" border="0" alt="cleavage failure" hspace="0" width="225" height="169" /></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><img id="||CPIMAGE:2799880|" title="12MML017_ductilefailure_LR" src="http://www.nist.gov/mml/images/12MML017_ductilefailure_LR_2.jpg" border="0" alt="12MML017_ductilefailure_LR" hspace="0" width="225" height="169" /></td>
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<h6>Scanning electron microscope images of a test section of X100 alloy  pipeline steel shows the effects of a hydrogen-induced crack at the  surface (top) and ductile (stretching deformation) failure towards the  center of the specimen (bottom). Images show an area roughly 21.5  micrometers across. Color added for clarity. Credit: Nanninga/NIST</h6>
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<p>The research team’s initial measurements largely confirmed prior  work—though it also extends those measurements to a new steel alloy.  More importantly, they say, the work lays the foundation for their  primary project, determining the largely unexamined effect of how  hydrogen gas combined with fatigue reduces the service life of  pipelines.</p>
<p>Under certain conditions, the effects of hydrogen on steel alloys are  fairly well known. It can attack minute surface cracks in the alloy and  eventually make it more brittle. High-pressure natural gas or petroleum  pipelines are subject to attack by small amounts of hydrogen, but the  effect is usually negligible and the oil and gas industry deals with  this. But what about pressurized hydrogen gas in similar pipes—the sort  you’d need in a transportation and distribution system for hydrogen fuel  cell vehicles or home energy units? The new NIST facility, the largest  in the United States, is designed to answer questions like that.**</p>
<p>The current results, according to NIST materials research engineer  Andrew Slifka, demonstrated “classic embrittlement phenomenon—as the  strength of steel goes up, the influence of embrittlement also goes up.”  The NIST tests were new in that they showed the effect with pressurized  gas and extended the data to include X100, a modern high-strength steel  alloy not yet used in the United States. The experiments tested tensile  strength, essentially pulling on test specimens past the “yield” point,  the strain under which the metal stops snapping back like a spring and  starts stretching like taffy. They showed that the embrittlement effect  of the gas starts playing a role at the yield point, according to  Slifka, and upon reaching the tensile strength of the material, surface  cracks initiate and grow.</p>
<p>Slifka says the results are a useful baseline, but “no one runs  pipelines at the yield point. The real question is will fatigue testing  show the same results?” Fatigue, the action of repeatedly stressing and  relaxing the metal, much better reflects the daily usage of gas  pipelines, says Slifka, but there is relatively little data on its  effect on hydrogen embrittlement, especially for a hydrogen gas line.  The main focus of the NIST facility is gathering that data.</p>
<p>Studying fatigue effects is necessarily a time-consuming process, but  now less so. The NIST team has developed a clever linkage system that  allows them to chain several test specimens together and test them  simultaneously while still gathering independent data for each one. With  conventional test methods, a typical test run for a single sample can  take two to three weeks. In the same amount of time, the new testing  apparatus can generate an amount of data that used to take over six  months to collect.</p>
<p>The NIST Hydrogen Test Facility is described at <a id="http://www.nist.gov/mml/materials_reliability/structural_materials/hydrogen-pipeline-safety.cfm|" href="http://www.nist.gov/mml/materials_reliability/structural_materials/hydrogen-pipeline-safety.cfm">www.nist.gov/mml/materials_reliability/structural_materials/hydrogen-pipeline-safety.cfm</a>.</p>
<p>* N.E. Nanninga, Y.S. Levy, E.S. Drexler, R.T. Condon, A.E.  Stevenson, A.J. Slifka. Comparison of hydrogen embrittlement in three  pipeline steels in high pressure gaseous hydrogen environments.  Corrosion Science 59 (2012) 1–9. DOI:10.1016/j.corsci.2012.01.028. **  See “Future of Hydrogen Fuel Flows Through New NIST Test Facility” at <a id="http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/tech-beat/tb20100216.cfm#hydrogen|" href="http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/tech-beat/tb20100216.cfm#hydrogen">http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/tech-beat/tb20100216.cfm#hydrogen</a>.</p>
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		<title>Hydrogen as alternative to petrol: Geesthacht scientists research boron in tanks</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/hydrogen-as-alternative-to-petrol-geesthacht-scientists-research-boron-in-tanks/</link>
		<comments>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/hydrogen-as-alternative-to-petrol-geesthacht-scientists-research-boron-in-tanks/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 14:14:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11378</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The European Technology Initiative, “Fuel  Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking” (FCH JU), is providing approx 2.3  million euro of finance for the development of new hydrogen solid-state  containers on the basis of boron hydrides.These compounds absorb much  more hydrogen, the tanks remain compact.The “Bor4Store” project is being  coordinated by the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>The European Technology Initiative, “Fuel  Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking” (FCH JU), is providing approx 2.3  million euro of finance for the development of new hydrogen solid-state  containers on the basis of boron hydrides.These compounds absorb much  more hydrogen, the tanks remain compact.The “Bor4Store” project is being  coordinated by the Institute of Material Research at the  Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht.</div>
<div>
<p style="margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 20px; float: right; width: 240px;"><img style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px;" src="http://www.hzg.de/imperia/md/images/gkss/presse/pressemitteilungen/2011/fittosize_240_0_2515d3de60e19ffb57530ab38a1dfa64_1105_HZG-0663.jpg" alt="Technicians at the Helmholtz Centre have established a new test laboratory especially for the characterisation of hydrogen tanks." /> <em><span style="color: #888888;">Technicians at the Helmholtz Centre have  established a new test laboratory especially for the characterisation of  hydrogen tanks.</span></em></p>
<p>Fuel prices of around 1.70 euro per litre and high  prices for heating oil mean that many car drivers, house owners or  tenants yearn for more economic alternatives. One thing is certain: in  the future petrol and heating oil are not getting any cheaper – partly  due to the fact that our oil reserves are depleting. Science and  industry are focusing on a possible alternative source of energy &#8211;  hydrogen and fuel cell. Hydrogen can be produced, independent of oil, by  means of solar energy, wind or water power and converted into  electricity and heat in the fuel cell.</p>
<p>In this way; Electricity  could be provided for mobile devices such as smartphones, stationary  generators for  telecommuniation stations or residential buildings.  The  prerequisite is that the hydrogen is made available in a compact and  safe form i.e. suitable for everyday use.The storage unit should be as  small as possible and absorb hydrogen and release it to the fuel cell  under moderate temperatures and pressure conditions. Materials  researchers at the Helmholtz Centre Geesthacht have been investigating  storage in solid materials, so-called metal hydrides, for some time.</p>
<p>The  objective of the new research project is to develop innovative storage  materials on the basis of boron hydrides. As the materials research  scientist and project coordinator, Dr. Klaus Taube of the  Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, explains: “Boron hydrides have the highest  hydrogen capacities of all known metal hydride storage materials. With  the use of these innovative materials,  approx. five kilograms of  hydrogen could be stored in a 50 litre container, which is equivalent to  the tank of a medium class car. This would suffice for a distance of  approx. 400 to 500 kilometres &#8211; and at the production cost, which  industry is striving to achieve in future, of around ten euros for a  tankful of hydrogen “.</p></div>
<div>
<p style="margin-bottom: 15px; margin-right: 20px; float: left; width: 400px;"><img style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px;" src="http://www.hzg.de/imperia/md/images/gkss/presse/fotos/fittosize_400_0_18d4f29c4c44daa8fc260ea359b19865_bor4store-kl.jpeg" alt="The participants of the Bor4Store-Project at the Kick-off Meeting in Geesthacht." /> <span style="color: #888888;"><em>The participants of the Bor4Store-Project at the Kick-off Meeting in Geesthacht.</em></span></p>
<p>The recently initiated project, Bor4Store, aims to  develop a first tank prototype which delivers energy for a solid oxide  fuel cell and thus presents a model for the supply of electric power to  stationary applications. The planned tests will focus on various kinds  of boron hydride and also on a basic characterisation of the complex  reactions which occur during the process of filling and emptying of  hydrogen into and out of the tank. On the basis of this knowledge,  specific catalysts will be investigated to achieve the fastest reactions  possible and a high level of stability of the storage properties during  numerous filling and emptying cycles of the tank.</p>
<p>The material  properties are being optimised in the HyTech laboratory at the Helmholtz  Centre and a suitable storage tank is being built and tested. As the  project progresses, the interaction with the solid oxide fuel cell will  be improved at the premises of our industrial partner. A further focus  is on the development of economic methods for the synthesis of the  storage materials, since the homes of the future will only use heat and  electricity generated from hydrogen, if hydrogen tank systems are  cheaper &#8211; making a perusal of the fuel bill a more pleasurable  occupation.</p></div>
<div>
<h4>Multinational Project</h4>
</div>
<div>The “Nanotechnology“ department of the Institute of Materials  Research at the Helmholtz Centre is working on this project in  cooperation with scientists from Norway, Denmark, Switzerland, Italy,  Greece, two medium-sized companies from Germany and the Czech Republic  and a large company from Spain. The scientists, who have named their  project Bor4Store, met in Geesthacht from 23rd to the 25th of April 2012  for an initial kick-off workshop.</p>
<p>The total budget invested in  this project by the Helmholtz Centre Geesthacht amounts to 330.000 euro.  It is also being supported by the FCH JU with the sum of 2.270.000  euro.</p>
<p>The Project-Participants are:<br />
1.HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM GEESTHACHT FÜR MATERIAL- und KÜSTENFORSCHUNG GMBH, Germany<br />
2.ABENGOA HIDRÓGENO, SA., Seville, Spain<br />
3.ZOZ GMBH, Wenden, Germany<br />
4.KATCHEM SPOL S.R.O., Prague, Czech Republic<br />
5.AARHUS UNIVERSITET, Denmark<br />
6.INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKK, Kjeller, Norway<br />
7.UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI TORINO, Italy<br />
8.EIDGENÖSSISCHE MATERIALPRUEFUNGS- UND FORSCHUNGSANSTALT, Dübendorf, Switzerland<br />
9.NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH “DEMOKRITOS”, Aghia Paraskevi / Athens, Greece</p></div>
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		<title>Seoul to build 29 hydrogen fuel cell power plants by 2014</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/seoul-to-build-29-hydrogen-fuel-cell-power-plants-by-2014/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 12:42:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11373</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[SEOUL, May 16 (Yonhap) &#8212; The Seoul municipal government said Wednesday  it will build 29 hydrogen fuel cell power plants by 2014 to ensure a  smooth supply of electricity even in emergency situations.
Hydrogen fuel cells mix hydrogen and oxygen in the air to release energy  through an electrochemical reaction. They produce little [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>SEOUL, May 16 (Yonhap) &#8212; The Seoul municipal government said Wednesday  it will build 29 hydrogen fuel cell power plants by 2014 to ensure a  smooth supply of electricity even in emergency situations.</p>
<p>Hydrogen fuel cells mix hydrogen and oxygen in the air to release energy  through an electrochemical reaction. They produce little noise and no  pollutants, leading to their use in various sectors, including in  transport, power generation and homes.</p>
<p>The city government  said it plans to attract the investment of electricity firms and private  capital to build the plants and also to install 102 hydrogen fuel cells  in buildings by the same year.</p>
<p>Under the plan, the city  will produce 230 megawatts of electricity from hydrogen fuel cells by  2014 and continuously supply it to about 400,000 households.</p>
<p>The power plants will be built across the city to hedge against sudden  power cuts in the subway or water supply systems, the municipal  government said.</p>
<p>South Korea was hit by massive blackouts in  September, which affected millions of homes throughout the country and  led to the resignation of the minister in charge of energy affairs at  the time.</p>
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		<title>AFC Energy extends fuel cell electrode life beyond three months</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/afc-energy-extends-fuel-cell-electrode-life-beyond-three-months/</link>
		<comments>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/afc-energy-extends-fuel-cell-electrode-life-beyond-three-months/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 12:00:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11366</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Low cost electrode incorporated into industrial trial with AkzoNobel
AFC Energy (AIM: AFC), the energy company providing alkaline fuel  cell systems to industry, is pleased to announce that it has extended  the longevity of its electrodes to more than three months of continuous  operation at its laboratory in Dunsfold.
The milestone was achieved by [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Low cost electrode incorporated into industrial trial with AkzoNobel</em></p>
<p>AFC Energy (AIM: AFC), the energy company providing alkaline fuel  cell systems to industry, is pleased to announce that it has extended  the longevity of its electrodes to more than three months of continuous  operation at its laboratory in Dunsfold.</p>
<p>The milestone was achieved by the Company’s latest electrode for the  first time earlier this week.  AFC Energy believes that these results  are of significance since it has identified that the first economic  applications require a minimum of three months electrode life. In  particular, this breakthrough validates AFC Energy’s initiatives to  advance commercial opportunities with potential industrial partners in  the Far East.</p>
<p>Electrodes are the critical components of a fuel cell which enable  the electrochemical reactions to occur between hydrogen and oxygen to  generate electricity, heat and water.  The laboratory tests are  continuing and are expected to yield further positive results in due  course.</p>
<p>This latest electrode began tests in AFC Energy’s state-of-the-art  laboratory earlier this year. Progress and performance have exceeded  expectations and electrodes have now been incorporated into the ongoing  Beta trial programme which began late last year at the Company’s test  facility at AkzoNobel’s site inBitterfeld,Germany. The Bitterfeld site  is the first commercial reference site for the generation of data and  demonstration of the whole AFC Energy Beta fuel cell system.  The  electrodes will undergo a series of trials before being incorporated  into the new commercial design Beta+ cartridge for further real world  longevity trials.</p>
<p><strong>Commenting on the achievement Ian Williamson, CEO, said: </strong>“This  is another milestone on our path to commercialisation. We have seen  significant improvement in laboratory performance from this development;  now we need to translate this to the industrial environment. Our close  working relationship with AkzoNobel allows this transition to occur  quickly and seamlessly. The pace and impact of each development  continues to quicken at AFC Energy which is testament to the quality of  our technical team.”</p>
<p><strong>Gene Lewis</strong><strong>, Technical Director, commented</strong>:  “These results hint at the exceptional progress the team has made. We  are constantly working on performance improvements which, over time,  will feed into our commercial products. To enable the earliest release  of a reliable product, we have focussed on ensuring both the electrodes  and the rest of the fuel cell system are technically robust and  economically viable. Our technical programme continues to be driven by  longevity, power output and system life-time cost.”</p>
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		<title>FuelCell Energy Announces European Market Developments</title>
		<link>http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2012/05/16/fuelcell-energy-announces-european-market-developments/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 11:34:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fuelcellworks</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/?p=11368</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
FuelCell Energy Solutions, GmbH Acquires Select Assets from MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
European Joint Venture With Fraunhofer IKTS to be Finalized by June 30, 2012

DANBURY, Conn. &#8212; FuelCell Energy, Inc. 				  FCEL a leading manufacturer of ultra-clean, efficient and reliable fuel cell  power plants, today announced that its German subsidiary, FuelCell  Energy Solutions GmbH, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<ul>
<li>FuelCell Energy Solutions, GmbH Acquires Select Assets from MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH</li>
<li>European Joint Venture With Fraunhofer IKTS to be Finalized by June 30, 2012</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>DANBURY, Conn</strong>. &#8212; FuelCell Energy, Inc. 				 <span id="quote930666072"> FCEL<a href="http://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/FCEL?link=MW_story_quote"> </a></span>a leading manufacturer of ultra-clean, efficient and reliable fuel cell  power plants, today announced that its German subsidiary, FuelCell  Energy Solutions GmbH, is acquiring select assets from MTU  Friedrichshafen GmbH, a subsidiary of Tognum AG. The select assets  include fuel cell component inventory and fuel cell manufacturing  equipment of the former MTU Onsite Energy GmbH Fuel Cell Systems in  Ottobrunn, Germany, which was merged with MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH.  Parties to the agreement include FuelCell Energy, Inc. (FCE), FuelCell  Energy Solutions GmbH (FCES), MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH (MTU), and  Fraunhofer IKTS (Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems). Under  the agreement, MTU will contribute fuel cell related intellectual  property to Fraunhofer IKTS. Fraunhofer IKTS will become a minority  owner in FuelCell Energy Solutions by June 30, 2012. FuelCell Energy  Solutions, a German company, will develop the market for stationary fuel  cell power plants in Europe for commercial, industrial, and utility  scale applications.</p>
<p>&#8220;Leveraging the technology strength of Fraunhofer and the commercial  strength and experience of FuelCell Energy, FuelCell Energy Solutions  now has a clear path for market development and local manufacturing that  will drive job creation in Europe,&#8221; said Prof. Dr. Alexander Michaelis,  director, Fraunhofer IKTS. &#8220;We are eager to apply our R&amp;D  capabilities to the Direct FuelCell technology and work with European  governments and industry to support the adoption of stationary fuel cell  power plants that help address the power generation challenges facing  certain regions of Europe.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;This effort is a crucial part of FuelCell Energy&#8217;s previously announced  global growth strategy, leveraging prior relationships with MTU as well  as an expanding relationship with Fraunhofer IKTS,&#8221; said Chip Bottone,  President and Chief Executive Officer for FuelCell Energy, Inc. &#8220;The  agreement with MTU provides assets that will accelerate market  development while optimizing current and future capital needs from  FuelCell Energy so future investment will be predicated on order flow  and a growing installed base.&#8221;</p>
<p>Mr. Bottone continued, &#8220;This agreement and the ramp-up of FCES will  enable cost effective large scale fuel cell technology to become  available today, for commercial applications throughout Europe. We are  building on the strength and leadership shown by the vision of the  German government, and bringing the experience which comes from over 180  megawatts of commercial installations and order backlog worldwide.&#8221;</p>
<p>The scope of FCES will include the continuation of research to further  enhance carbonate fuel cell technology, combining the strength of FCE&#8217;s  Direct FuelCell power plants and the carbonate &#8220;EuroCell&#8221; technology of  MTU, which will be licensed into FCES by Fraunhofer IKTS. Local  manufacturing capacity will be established at a facility formerly leased  by MTU in Ottobrunn, Germany, thus keeping advanced technology fuel  cell power plant manufacturing in Germany.</p>
<p>In addition, FCE will execute its business activities for the larger  European Served Area from the FCES base of operations in Dresden and  Ottobrunn, utilizing locally hired sales, service, engineering, and  manufacturing personnel. It is anticipated that FuelCell Energy  Solutions will enter into service agreements with existing MTU fuel cell  customers.</p>
<p>Fraunhofer IKTS will contribute certain assets to the joint venture  including the use of intellectual property as well as their expertise  and extensive research and development capabilities with fuel cells and  materials science. FuelCell Energy Solutions, GmbH is consolidated in  the financial statements of FuelCell Energy, Inc.</p>
<p>MTU and FuelCell Energy have previously maintained various license  agreements relating to fuel cell technology, including a two-way license  related to balance of plant technology, and a license from FCE to MTU  related to core fuel cell technology.</p>
<p>MTU developed and sold stationary fuel cell power plants in Europe  utilizing Direct FuelCell(R) (DFC(R)) carbonate technology and DFC  components manufactured by FuelCell Energy at its plant in Torrington,  Connecticut, USA. MTU assembled and stacked the DFC components and added  the mechanical and electrical balance of plant. The agreements expired  at the end of 2009.</p>
<p>DFC power plants cost effectively provide on-site power and support to  the electric grid. The levelized cost of electricity for DFC plants is  competitive with the electric grid in regions with high power costs such  as urban centers in Europe, coastal cities in the USA and certain Asian  countries. Increasing sales volume will continue to result in lower  power generation costs for DFC plants. Examples of grid support  applications include two fuel cell parks operating in Asia that each are  in excess of 10 megawatts as well as DFC plants in the USA owned by  utilities and located on the property of the end power user.</p>
<p>Fuel cells electrochemically convert a fuel source into electricity and  heat in a highly efficient process that emits virtually no pollutants  due to the absence of combustion. DFC power plants are fuel flexible,  capable of operating on natural gas or renewable biogas. Efficiency of  up to 90 percent can be achieved when the DFC plant is configured for  combined heat and power (CHP) applications. High efficiency reduces fuel  costs and carbon emissions, and producing both electricity and heat  from the same unit of fuel can reduce the use of combustion based  boilers used for heating, further reducing costs and pollutants.</p>
<p>About FuelCell Energy</p>
<p>Direct FuelCell(R) power plants are generating ultra-clean, efficient  and reliable power at more than 50 locations worldwide. With over 180  megawatts of power generation capacity installed or in backlog, FuelCell  Energy is a global leader in providing ultra-clean baseload distributed  generation to utilities, industrial operations, universities, municipal  water treatment facilities, government installations and other  customers around the world. The Company&#8217;s power plants have generated  more than one billion kilowatt hours of ultra-clean power using a  variety of fuels including renewable biogas from wastewater treatment  and food processing, as well as clean natural gas.</p>
<p>For more information please visit our website at   www.fuelcellenergy.com</p>
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